{"id":120,"date":"2024-08-27T02:52:10","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T02:52:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/?post_type=portfolio&#038;p=120"},"modified":"2024-10-02T23:34:16","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T23:34:16","slug":"october-2-qualitative-empirical-methods","status":"publish","type":"portfolio","link":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/portfolio\/october-2-qualitative-empirical-methods\/","title":{"rendered":"October 2: Qualitative Empirical Methods\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-121\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-738x738.jpg 738w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-1458x1458.jpg 1458w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-996x996.jpg 996w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-480x480.jpg 480w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1-960x960.jpg 960w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ryan-carl-semi-random-circles-in-grid_1-1992x1992-1.jpg 1992w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ryan Carl, Circle Study 07 (2020); <a href=\"https:\/\/socks-studio.com\/2020\/04\/15\/ryan-carl-circle-study-07-2020\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">via Socks Studio<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Historically, much research in our field has emphasized humanistic textual analysis. We\u2019ll address such methods in the following weeks. Yet media studies\u2019 genealogy can be traced back through the arts and the social sciences, too. From the latter we\u2019ve inherited empirical methods through which we can generate our own \u201cdata.\u201d Some researchers gather and analyze that data through quantitative methods; you can find quantitative methods classes in Annenberg and the School of Social Policy and Practice (you might also be interested in the GIS classes in the Weitzman School of Design). Yet CIMS\u2019s humanistic orientation predisposes us to look more toward <em>qualitative <\/em>methods \u2014&nbsp;interviews, oral histories, focus groups, ethnography, and so forth \u2014&nbsp;which we\u2019ll explore today. We\u2019ll also talk a bit about sampling, which applies to any research project: how many and which people, non-human subjects, events, actions, sites, processes, or texts we choose to focus on, and how that assemblage is complementary and representative of the key variables in our study.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I\u2019m hoping we can also approach our own class as a \u201cfield site\u201d for participant observation \u2014 where we can reflect on the practices through which methods are theorized and theories are operationalized \u2014 and that we can regard our periodic guests as interview interlocutors.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">LOCAL FIELD TRIP, 3:30-4:30pm: <\/mark><\/strong>We\u2019ll visit Van Pelt to meet with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.library.upenn.edu\/staff\/charles-cobine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Charles Cobine<\/a>, our Cinema and Media Studies subject librarian; Lynda Kellam, Director of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.library.upenn.edu\/rdds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Research Data &amp; Digital Scholarship<\/a>; and Jaj Karajgikar, Applied Data Science Librarian. We\u2019ll meet in the RDDSx space on the first floor.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canva.com\/design\/DAGRw4IW52E\/Oq-BUk8uZWv4UPJANscy7Q\/view?utm_content=DAGRw4IW52E&amp;utm_campaign=designshare&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_source=viewer\"><strong>Here&#8217;s a link to our librarian colleagues&#8217; slide deck! <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>TO PREPARE FOR TODAY:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read an excerpt from Klaus Bruhn Jensen\u2019s \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1-VrFwKpXml6TNb9rwjtPYpsc-zVDKnc2\/view?usp=drive_link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Qualitative Research Process<\/a>\u201d in Jensen, ed., <em>A Handbook of Media and Communication Research: Qualitative and Quantitative and Methodologies <\/em>(Routledge, 2021): 286-96 [note: you\u2019re reading <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">only 10 pages!<\/mark>; I chose this particular text because it\u2019s the most concise and inclusive overview I could find!]\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>For more, see our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.are.na\/shannon-mattern\/_sampling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sampling collection on Arena<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Now, <em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">skim through<\/mark> <\/em>the tables of contents for Norman K. Denzin, et al, eds., <a href=\"https:\/\/us.sagepub.com\/en-us\/nam\/the-sage-handbook-of-qualitative-research\/book275161\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research<\/em><\/a>, 6<sup>th<\/sup> ed. (SAGE, 2023) and Uwe Flick, ed., <a href=\"https:\/\/us.sagepub.com\/en-us\/nam\/the-sage-handbook-of-qualitative-research-design\/book267445#contents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research Design<\/em><\/a><em> <\/em>(SAGE, 2022) to get a sense of the breadth of options available to you. Penn Libraries offers <a href=\"https:\/\/franklin.library.upenn.edu\/catalog\/FRANKLIN_9978895312803681\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">online access<\/a> to Flick\u2019s book. Portions of these books could serve as reference material after you\u2019ve chosen specific methods for your own project.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interviews<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Alice Marwick studies digital privacy through interviews and focus groups. She discusses her new book, <a href=\"https:\/\/franklin.library.upenn.edu\/catalog\/FRANKLIN_9979184036103681\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>The Private is Political: Networked Privacy and Social Media<\/em><\/a><em> <\/em>(Yale University Press, 2023), and her qualitative methods, with Jake Chanenson on <a href=\"https:\/\/newbooksnetwork.com\/the-private-is-political\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">New Books Network<\/a> (July 30, 2023) [podcast: 35min]. Please listen to the podcast; you might choose to read the book on your own at a later date.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">Optional: <\/mark><\/strong>For more on interviewing, see Annette Lareau, Chapters, 3, 4, and 5 in <em>Listening to People: A Practical Guide to Interviewing, Participant Observation, Data Analysis, and Writing It All Up <\/em>(University of Chicago Press, 2021): 38-139; and Philip Gerard, \u201cThe Warm Art of the Interview,\u201d in <a href=\"https:\/\/franklin.library.upenn.edu\/catalog\/FRANKLIN_9977904479203681\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>The Art of Creative Research: A Field Guide for Writers<\/em><\/a><em> <\/em>(University of Chicago Press, 2017): 98-129. Plus, check out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.are.na\/shannon-mattern\/_interviewing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">our Interviewing collection on Arena<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ethnography&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Please listen to Jeff Lane talk about his book, <a href=\"https:\/\/franklin.library.upenn.edu\/catalog\/FRANKLIN_9977625303703681\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>The Digital Street<\/em><\/a><em> <\/em>(Oxford University Press, 2018), and his mix of digital and analog urban ethnography, with Jabari Evans on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.garnetmedia.org\/page\/naledge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Uncommon Naledge <\/em>podcast<\/a>, Episode 4 [~48min]. Again, you might choose to read the book on your own at a later date.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If you\u2019re interested in using ethnography in your own projects, I strongly encourage you to take a dedicated ethnography class in the Department of Anthropology. You might also want to skim the websites for my 2021 <a href=\"https:\/\/digitalethnography.wordsinspace.net\/jan2021\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Digital Ethnography<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/designethnoglab.wordsinspace.net\/2021\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Design Ethnography<\/a> classes.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Now, I invite each of you to investigate how qualitative empirical methods have been used \u2014 in both classical and contemporary studies \u2013 in your <em>own <\/em>disciplines and on your own subjects of interest. This exercise is also meant to help you familiarize yourself with relevant journals. Please <strong>find three peer-reviewed journal articles<\/strong> \u2013 including, ideally, at least one historical\/germinal study \u2014 that exemplify the use of interviews, focus groups, or ethnography (or some creative reinvention of these methods) in studying topics you plan to examine in your <em>own <\/em>research. You\u2019re welcome to prioritize those methods you might actually adopt yourself. Please <strong>share your three references \u2013 each with a 100- to 150-word annotation<\/strong> briefly summarizing the article\u2019s argument and methods, and offering your own assessment of the value of those methods \u2014 <strong>on <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/presentation\/d\/1vO7Eq2JmvKEeeZhI2x4FjLJgtyFXIQM1z122zOajUtA\/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>this collaborative slidedeck<\/strong><\/a>. <strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">We\u2019ll then use this deck to share and discuss your work in class.<\/mark><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To find relevant journals, you could start by searching some of the databases listed in the PennLibraries <a href=\"https:\/\/guides.library.upenn.edu\/cims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cinema &amp; Media Studies LibGuide<\/a>, or on Google Scholar. You could also skim the Society for Cinema and Media Studies\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cmstudies.org\/page\/resources_journals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">list of Film\/Media Journals<\/a> and ScreenSite\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/screensite.org\/data\/data_journals.php\">li<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/screensite.org\/data\/data_journals.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">s<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/screensite.org\/data\/data_journals.php\">t of media-related journals and blogs<\/a>. Or you could chat with me and\/or your classmates or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.library.upenn.edu\/collections\/subject\/cinema-and-media-studies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a librarian<\/a> \ud83d\ude0a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/presentation\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vSPQV66B5LBHNJVYEl4G8Qf9Wf-8BQQ79RNEroN_jz08vWsqGGQDT3_bXnNJP1j97DT-mCiMZttA01o\/embed?start=false&#038;loop=false&#038;delayms=3000\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"960\" height=\"569\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"799\" src=\"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/18813450.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-122\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/18813450.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/18813450-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/18813450-768x599.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/18813450-738x576.jpg 738w, https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/18813450-996x777.jpg 996w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Stuart Davis (Philadelphia), Color Samples for \u201cRadio Tube,\u201d 1940; <a href=\"https:\/\/harvardartmuseums.org\/collections\/object\/16196\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">via Harvard Art Museums<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Historically, much research in our field has emphasized humanistic textual analysis. We\u2019ll address such methods in the following weeks. Yet media studies\u2019 genealogy can be traced back through the arts and the social sciences, too. From the latter we\u2019ve inherited empirical methods through which we can generate our own \u201cdata.\u201d Some researchers gather and analyze &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"portfolio-category":[3],"portfolio-tag":[],"class_list":["post-120","portfolio","type-portfolio","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","portfolio-category-schedule-readings"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio\/120","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/portfolio"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=120"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio\/120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":232,"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio\/120\/revisions\/232"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/121"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"portfolio-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio-category?post=120"},{"taxonomy":"portfolio-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimsmethods.wordsinspace.net\/2024\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio-tag?post=120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}